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Brazil, the world’sseventh-biggest greenhouse gas emitter, has the relevant tools and policies it needs to become a leader in the fight to deal with climate change. This opportunity comes at a pivotal time for Brazil: its national climate plan—itsIntended Nationally Determined Contribution(INDC)—should be submitted within days as part ofglobal climate negotiations,虽然国家经济危机,干旱和能源不确定性为巴西在国内的决定提供了依据。

新的WRI报告,Bridging the Gap Between Energy and Climate Policies in Brazil, finds that Brazil could act to change its energy mix and move toward a lower-carbon economy, but it needs to strengthen existing policies to amplify their impact to join other key climate players including China, the United States and Mexico.

Brazil’s energy sector is now a major source of the country’s emissions and continues to become more carbon intensive as a result of greater reliance on fossil fuels. The country anticipates approximately $500 billion to be invested in energy infrastructure over the next decade—how Brazil chooses to allocate those funds can either lock in carbon-intensive infrastructure or advance Brazil’s position as a leader in the low-carbon economy.

Thereportrecommends that Brazil has the opportunity to speed its transition to renewables, ramp up energy efficiency improvements and leverage“smart”将分散功率集成到网格中。分析建议,巴西应该将风险和太阳能等现代可再生能源投资作为优先事项,从20 percent by 2030to a 30 percent share of wind and solar energy by 2030.



Here are four ways Brazil can curb greenhouse gases, according to the report:

1.改善燃油经济性并投资转移到低碳运输方式。运输是巴西为能源相关的温室气体排放的最大贡献者。使用不会导致土地利用变化负面变化的生物燃料,以及大规模运输和非机动运输模式可以迅速遏制该部门的排放。到目前为止,除了一些城市,巴西仅提供了有限的激励措施,以转向更高效的运输模式,包括铁路和巴士快速运输。这种转变将带来重大的当地利益并改善生活质量。

2. Offer incentives for industrial efficiency, including implementing the planned Brazilian Market for Emission Reductions which would incentivize efficiency by pricing carbon, tying environmental licensing to meeting high standards for energy efficiency, accelerating plans to switch to low-carbon fuels and accelerating implementation of the measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) system for industrial carbon emissions.

3. Give priority to modern renewables, particularly solar and wind power, while addressing the challenges presented by large hydropower projects.作为INDC的一部分,巴西可以促进太阳能和风能的部署,并通过承诺将太阳能和风在国家能源组合中的份额增加到30%,从而促进其与电网的互连。

4.将气候和能源政策和计划必威官网是真的吗过程与国家和国际水平的政策调和。Climate and energy policy and planning processes need to be more thoroughly integrated. In the energy sector, this implies acknowledging that due to the carbon budget planning processes, such as the National Energy Plan and the Ten-Year Energy Expansion Plan, Brazil cannot continue a focus on fossil fuels. In the context of climate policy, it includes setting ambitious and feasible GHG mitigation goals that consider the full range of cost-effective and beneficial abatement potential in the energy sector.

Brazil has done an exceptional job at curbing illegal deforestation, historically the largest温室气体排放的来源. But with fossil fuel emissions on the rise, Brazil needs also to prioritize its energy sector to do its part to combat climate change, while continuing to curb land use emissions. Such measures would bring both local and global benefits. This new analysis offers guidance for an integrated approach to more effectively reconcile energy and climate needs. Brazil’s INDC will indicate whether the country is committed to better climate better growth – a pathway to drive economic growth and tackle climate change at the same time.


阅读报告。