最终确定雄心勃勃和公平”2015年国际气候协议必威官网是真的吗is a key step in transitioning the world to a low-carbon economy and building resilience. Figuring out what that kind of agreement looks like, though, can be difficult—especially when it comes to the equity component.

《联合国气候变化框架公约》（UNFCCC）已开始运动必威官网是真的吗a process为了使各国提出自己的气候行动 - 明年的“全国决心贡献（INDC）”，必威官网是真的吗在2015年底在巴黎（COP）会议之前。这些贡献如何反映公平是一个核心问题。此外，UNFCCC有设定温度目标为了防止气候变化的最大灾难性影响，总体上将全球温度升高到2度C。必威官网是真的吗对股权的讨论经常围绕哪些国家负责全球排放减少的份额。最近，专家开始在股权讨论中包括其他问题，例如各国适应气候影响及其财务和其他资源采取行动的能力。必威官网是真的吗

那么，各国应该如何决定将其做出贡献，以及如何评估它们？政府，公民社会和私营部门应考虑到一个国家行动的公平性？

WRI的新在线工具，Cait Equity Explorer，旨在帮助回答这些问题。

查看权益的新工具

Rather than providing a formula, the Equity Explorer enables users to look at a variety of quantitative indicators and consider a holistic picture of a given country’s emissions and ability to act, including level of development, capacity to adapt to climate impacts, potential for mitigation action, and other factors. The size of countries’ indicators in the radar charts created in the tool —as well as how they compare to other nations’—point to what level of contribution might be appropriate.

Take a look at the comparison between four different nations to see how the tool works:

United States

In the graphic to the left, the United States’ radar chart is relatively full. Two “slices” in particular—historical emissions per capita and GDP per capita—go out to the edge of the circle, meaning that the country ranks fairly high in those indicators as compared to all other countries in the world. The United States’ relative level of current emissions is, however, somewhat smaller, as seen in the two radar indicators for current emissions.
The chart also shows that the United States’ capacity to adapt to climate impacts is relatively high because of its level of economic development in relation to the impacts it faces. Combined, these factors suggest that the country has reason to set ambitious goals when it comes to climate action—including both domestic emissions reductions and the finance it should provide to help other countries mitigate and adapt to climate change.

For other indicators, however, the United States may look somewhat different. For example, it has taken steps that others may not have taken to reduce emissions that cause local air pollution. As a result, even though the country can reap substantial benefits by improving local air quality, other countries may have even more to gain from reducing emissions.

中国

中国’s picture falls between that of the United States and other countries. Its historical emissions are much lower than those from the United States, but the chart shows that its current emissions are significantly higher than many other developing countries, including India, another major emerging economy. China also has a lot of potential to reduce its local air pollution, as compared to other countries, so aggressive emissions reductions domestically would gain the national benefit of cleaner air while also contributing to the global benefit of reducing climate change. China’s economic capacity to adapt to climate impacts is also relatively high. Given these results, a tool user might expect that China will also put forward significant mitigation targets as well as resources to help other countries reach their mitigation and adaptation goals.

India

与美国或中国不同，印度的人均GDP相对较低，应对气候影响的能力意味着它具有更少的资源来采取气候行动。必威官网是真的吗但是，像中国一样，它可以从减少排放中获得本地和国家空气质量的利益。该图表还显示，与刚果民主共和国（DRC）这样的最不发达国家（LDC）相比，印度确实有能力利用自己的资源采取行动。因此，用户可能会期望它不需要严重依靠国际社会来获得财政支持。

Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)

The DRC has limited economic resources and capacity to adapt to climate impacts or reduce emissions. It also has relatively low total emissions, though its current per capita emissions reflect the impacts of deforestation, suggesting that resources and support to reduce emissions from deforestation is vital. Finance for that kind of action, as well as for increasing its ability to adapt to climate impacts, will need to come from sources outside the country—such as through climate finance provided by countries with greater capacity.

Creating an Equitable Global Climate Agreement

These glimpses into the challenges and opportunities countries experience become more nuanced as the user chooses different indicators. Each country has a slightly different story to tell. Through the股权资源管理器, users can get a better understanding of what climate equity means—both in their own countries and internationally.

  • 了解更多：Find out how to use the Equity Explorer by watching the video below.