Synopsis

This report aims to provide a reference on common elements and decisions inherent in water quality trading (WQT) program design, especially point-nonpoint WQT programs and the range of available options.

它旨在帮助建立WQT计划,为WQT计划所能完成的计划提供更大的透明度,并协助WQT计划开发人员和更广泛的利益相关者实现其清洁水目标。

关键发现

应设计水质交易计划与2003年美国EPA交易政策和CWA一致,并考虑以下指导原则:

  • Effectively accomplish regulatory and environmental goals;

  • 基于声音科学;

  • 提供足够的问责制,透明度,可及性和公众参与,以确保提供承诺的水质改善;

  • Produce no localized water quality problems;

  • 与CWA监管框架保持一致;和

  • 包括适当的合规性和执行规定,以确保长期成功。

Characteristics of Successful WQT: Common Elements

我们已经确定了许多交易计划共有的11个要素,这些要素在设计和实施WQT程序时应考虑。关于这些元素,每个元素都没有“一个尺寸适合所有解决方案”。取而代之的是,在不同条件下,有一些考虑使不同的选择或多或少可行。新的WQT程序设计中应考虑的元素包括:

  • 建立/识别监管工具以支持交易;

  • Defining who is eligible to trade, where trading can occur, and what is being traded;

  • 定义交易计划参与者的资格;

  • Quantifying water quality benefits;

  • Managing risk and uncertainty in the trading program;

  • 定义信用特征;

  • 建立项目实施和保证准则;

  • 建立项目审查,认证和跟踪的程序;

  • 确保合规和执法;

  • Establishing adaptive management guidelines for ongoing program improvement and performance tracking; and

  • Defining roles, responsibilities, transaction models, and stakeholder engagement processes.

执行摘要

The United States has made significant progress in cleaning its rivers, lakes, and oceans. Investment in wastewater treatment plant technology, conservation practices with land managers, and restoration of natural systems is working in many places. The public continually supports clean water, yet there is still a long way to go in achieving the vision of fishable, swimmable waters. More than half of the country’s streams, lakes, and estuaries are not meeting the water quality standards established under the Clean Water Act to provide clean drinking water, recreation, fish and wildlife habitat, and other designated uses.

即将实现清洁水的工作将需要其他工具和新方法,这些工具和新方法可以说明流域动态,从而灵活地实现清晰,可执行的目标以及目标投资,并在其上可以最有效地改善水质。在正确条件下,水质交易可以符合这些标准。

About the National Network on WQT

该报告是由国家网络在WQT上开发的,WQT是代表农业,废水公用事业,环境团体,监管机构和提供WQT计划的从业者的18个不同组织之间的对话。国家网络的目的是建立有关水质交易如何最好地实现清洁水目标的全国对话。这包括提供选项和建议,以提高水质交易中的一致性,创新和诚信。

下面的组织通过2013 - 2015年间举行的一系列研讨会和通讯参与了本报告的开发:

网络参与者

American Farmland Trust

清水管理员协会

Chesapeake Bay Foundation

Electric Power Research Institute

Environmental Defense Fund

Kieser&Associates,LLC

马里兰州农业部

Mississippi River Collaborative

全国清洁水机构协会

全国保护区

National Milk Producers Federation

The Freshwater Trust

俄亥俄农场局联合会

Troutman Sanders

美国水联盟

Coordinators

Willamette合作伙伴关系

wri

技术顾问

美国农业部