About half of the world’s oil and gas is produced by “middle-income” developing countries. These countries could face a significant drop in government revenue due to the global shift away from fossil fuels. The shift away from oil and gas will also contribute to job displacement and economic insecurity for workers and communities supported by the industry. This paper advises policymakers to pursue a just transition away from the oil and gas sector while minimizing harm to workers and communities that have depended on that industry.

关键发现:

  • 石油和天然气生产在许多中等收入发展中国家中发挥了重要作用,通过支持地方经济和就业机会并产生可观的政府收入。
  • Periodic market volatility and mounting global pressure to achieve net-zero carbon emissions by midcentury raise questions about the sector’s stability and long-term future.
  • 尽管从化石燃料转移是有益的,但在未来几十年中逐步淘汰石油和天然气的产量将对产生这些化石燃料的中等收入国家造成巨大的收入损失,这对公共支出的社会计划和基础设施,公共部门的就业,,公共部门的就业,和化石燃料补贴针对弱势群体。
  • 尽管石油和天然气行业通常不是主要的直接雇主,但它会产生大量的间接和感应工作,这些工作通常在地理上集中,对次国政府和当地社区产生了巨大影响。
  • 这项劳动力的其他特征,包括不同的工会化率,大量合同工人的存在,相对较高的工资和低女性参与,对于正义能源过渡至关重要。
  • 可以通过优先考虑基于地点的经济多样性来产生替代的收入来源和新工作,包括在清洁能源经济中,并制定正义的过渡策略来帮助受影响的工人,社区和次国家政府,从而减轻从石油和天然气过渡的挑战,以产生替代的收入来源和新工作。。