概要

即使气候变化对国家的影响必威官网是真的吗有所不同，但所有国家都需要执行许多相同的国家adaptation functions, such as climate information management and public engagement in adaptation planning. At the end of 2008, the World Resources Institute convened a technical workshop in Bellagio, Italy to begin enumerating a shared set of critical adaptation functions. The resulting“ Bellagio框架”can help identify strengths and gaps in adaptation capacities in a given country, as a basis for prioritizing adaptation actions and investments.

执行摘要

随着气必威官网是真的吗候谈判者，国际资助者和国家政府都开始制定气候适应议程，拥有一种共同的方法来确定行动优先级，正变得越来越紧迫。共同的方法可以帮助催化不同资助者之间的协调行动，并可以为评估不同地方的进度提供共同的基础。但是，由于一系列潜在的气候影响，他们将击中的不同类型的社会以及广泛的潜在适应策略和措施，因此很难找到一种系统的方法来确定国际水平的优先级。必威官网是真的吗

Bellagio框架方法：确定国家适应功能

应对这一挑战的一种方法是确定所有国家要对气候变化有效做出反应，必须执行的一组基本功能。必威官网是真的吗例如，这些功能可能包括诸如管理适应决策所需的信息，涉及利益相关者进行适应计划所需的信息，从而为私营部门的适应性提供激励措施，或将气候变化整合到减少灾害风险中。必威官网是真的吗各国都将根据其民族环境的不同，以不同的方式执行这些功能，但是该功能的核心是相同的。执行关键适应功能所需的能力可以被视为国家“适应系统”的要素，该元素将在长期，迭代的过程中支持社会随着气候变化而进行调整。必威官网是真的吗不幸的是，很少有国家能够完全配备提供此类功能的信息系统，政策结构和基本机构。此外，迄今为止，即使是列举关键的国家适应功能或执行它们所需的活动和能力的系统和能力也很少。

为什么适应功能很重要？

Failure (thus far) to identify and clearly articulate a core set of national functions has contributed to widespread confusion about the overlap between adaptation and development. This confusion has made it more difficult to build the political will needed to generate truly additional adaptation funding, both within the UNFCCC and in funding decisions elsewhere. Perhaps more important, the lack of a concise, user-friendly articulation of key adaptation functions increases the difficulty of building robust, far-sighted national approaches to adaptation. Decision-makers are lacking:

  • a framework with which to identify strengths and gaps in adaptation capacities in a given country, in order to prioritize actions and investments, and
  • 可以评估适应进度的参考，以便在必要时调整课程。

第一步：Bellagio框架研讨会

In November 2008, the World Resources Institute (WRI) hosted a small technical workshop to begin developing a broadly applicable framework of national adaptation functions. The workshop was held in Bellagio, Italy, with the generous support of the Rockefeller Foundation. The objective of the workshop was two-fold:

  • to identify a core set of major adaptation functions needed in a broad spectrum of countries, and
  • to explore options for building progress metrics to assess effectiveness in performing the functions. Criteria for the functions framework included:
  • Broad applicability
  • 适应民族环境的灵活性
  • Logic and straightforwardness
  • User-friendliness and common sense
  • 自上而下的方法，可以使自下而上的动作能力
  • 关于关键国家适应功能的全面性
  • 与其他工具，框架和决策标准的兼容性

这工作文件中的桌子列出了研讨会参与者确定的关键适应功能，这些功能现在正在研讨会参与者及其合作伙伴的进一步发展。

下一步

Clearly, different stakeholders (e.g., planners, negotiators, funders, project implementers, NGOs, evaluators) who may use the framework will focus on different adaptation functions and will approach them from different perspectives. Moreover, countries will each build the capacities needed to perform the functions at different rates and in different sequences. To address these considerations, WRI is now exploring possible development of different assessment and planning tools, based on the functions in the framework. Options for further development include:

  • Function-by-function guidance to assist policy-makers and planners, including links to existing tools and relevant information sources
  • 为每个功能开发评估问题，用于建立监视和评估程序
  • 机构分析以更好地将每个功能与可能负责的利益相关者或机构的类型联系起来
  • “Sector-based” tools that translate the generic framework into functions specific to health, agriculture, water, and other issue areas

A key next step is to test the framework---or part of it---through a practical pilot assessment in a developing country.